Background of the Study
Workplace violence (WPV) in healthcare settings is a serious concern worldwide, affecting the well-being of healthcare workers and the quality of patient care. WPV in healthcare can take many forms, including physical assault, verbal abuse, threats, and emotional harassment. Nurses are particularly vulnerable to workplace violence due to the nature of their work, which often involves close interaction with patients, families, and other healthcare professionals (Sani et al., 2023). The incidence of WPV in Nigerian healthcare facilities, including Abia State University Teaching Hospital, has been reported to be alarmingly high, with nurses facing increased rates of verbal and physical aggression, especially in emergency and psychiatric care units (Adebayo et al., 2024).
The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined workplace violence as any act of verbal, physical, or sexual abuse directed at employees in the workplace (WHO, 2024). The consequences of WPV for nurses include physical injury, psychological trauma, decreased job satisfaction, burnout, and even the decision to leave the profession. Moreover, workplace violence can negatively affect patient care, as stressed or injured nurses may be less effective in their duties (Eze et al., 2024). Despite the high prevalence of WPV, many healthcare institutions in Nigeria, including Abia State University Teaching Hospital, lack comprehensive protocols for managing and preventing such violence (Ugwu et al., 2023).
Nurses' awareness of WPV and their response to it play a crucial role in mitigating its impact. Awareness includes understanding the different forms of violence, recognizing potential risk factors, and knowing the appropriate responses. Effective responses can include de-escalation techniques, reporting mechanisms, and institutional support structures such as counseling services (Ike et al., 2023). However, research suggests that nurses in many Nigerian hospitals may not be adequately trained to respond to workplace violence, and in some cases, they may not recognize certain behaviors as violent (Olabode et al., 2024). This study aims to assess the level of awareness of workplace violence among nurses at Abia State University Teaching Hospital and evaluate their response mechanisms to incidents of violence.
Statement of the Problem
Workplace violence in healthcare settings is a growing concern, and nurses at Abia State University Teaching Hospital are frequently exposed to various forms of violence, including verbal abuse and physical assault. Despite the increasing recognition of WPV as a serious occupational hazard, there is limited research on the awareness and response of nurses to workplace violence at this institution. The lack of effective response strategies and preventive measures may lead to negative physical, emotional, and professional consequences for nurses, ultimately affecting the quality of patient care. This study seeks to investigate the awareness of workplace violence among nurses at Abia State University Teaching Hospital and their preparedness to respond effectively to such incidents.
Objectives of the Study
Research Questions
Research Hypotheses
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses employed at Abia State University Teaching Hospital, evaluating their awareness and response to workplace violence. The study will not include other healthcare professionals such as doctors, administrative staff, or security personnel, although they may also play a role in addressing WPV.
A limitation of this study is that it will rely on self-reported data, which could be influenced by social desirability bias. Furthermore, the study will be cross-sectional, capturing data at one point in time, which may not reflect the long-term changes in nurses' awareness or the impact of institutional interventions.
Definitions of Terms
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